Abstract. Ethiopia faces interlinked challenges of food insecurity, land degradation, and climate change. The objective of the study is to review the Enset based agroforestry system to mitigate climate change and ensure food security in Ethiopia. Methods. A narrative literature review was used to synthesize existing scientific studies on enset (Ensete ventricosum)-based agroforestry, focusing on food production, soil fertility, erosion control, biodiversity conservation, carbon sequestration, and climate resilience. Scientific Novelty. The novelty of this paper lies in its integrated assessment of enset-based agroforestry as a multifunctional indigenous agricultural system that simultaneously addresses food security, land degradation, biodiversity conservation, climate change adaptation, and mitigation in Ethiopia. Results. The enset-based agroforestry system presents a resilient and sustainable agricultural model that addresses these issues holistically. When integrated with multipurpose trees, shrubs, and livestock, enset enhances soil fertility, controls erosion, and supports biodiversity. These systems exhibit high productivity, strong cultural roots, and significant potential for carbon sequestration both above and below ground while maintaining microclimate stability and soil moisture. This paper highlights enset’s role in food security, climate adaptation, and mitigation, emphasizing its importance in building climate-smart agricultural systems in Ethiopia. Greater investment in research, extension, and policy support is essential to scale up and sustain this indigenous solution.

For citation: Deresu Z., Kebede W. Enset based agroforestry system to mitigate climate change and ensure food security in Ethiopia. Journal of Biological Sciences and Agriculture. 2026, Vol. 2, No. 5, рр. 430-438. https://doi.org/10.63490/3034-6797-2026-02-05-430-438

Date of receipt of the article: 30.07.2026, date of review: 02.09.2026, date of acceptance: 16.09.2026

Published: 30.10.2026

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